campbell



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. W. CAMPBELL.

HEAT RBGULATING ATTACHMENT FOR INGUBATQRS.

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(No Model.) '2 sheets-sheet 2.

.J. W. CAMPBELL.

HEAT REGULATING ATTACHMENT FOR INGUBATORS.

'No. 344,474. Patented June 29, 1886.

device of the water-heater, or bot-h these parts,'

properly operating either the ventilator at the UNITED STATES Y PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES W. CAMPBELL, OF GERMANTOWN, NEW YORK.

HEAT-REGULATING ATTACHMENT FORINCUBATORS.

CEECIFICATIOIZ forming part of Letters Application filed March 6, 1886.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES WV. CAMPBELL, of Germantown, in the county of Columbia and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Heat-Controlling Attachments for Incubators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to incubators, i n which the egg-chamber is heated by means of a water-heater and a system of circulating-pipes, comprising heating-coils arranged in the upper andlower parts of the incubator-chamber.

The water-heater has been heretofore heated by means of a lamp or oil-burner having a flame-controlling device adjustable relatively to the wick-tube, and by thisdevice the amount of heat imparted to the water is controlled.

The object of my invention is to provide for top of the incubator or the heat-controlling by means of the expansion of the water in the heater and system of circulating-pipes.

In order to utilize the excessive expansion of thewater in the heating system when unduly heated for operating the vent-ilatorand theheat-controlling device, I employ a balance carrying a water-chamber, which is in constant communication through a flexible tube with the circulating system, and which is arranged just above the level of liquid in the circulating system, that liquid being heated to the desired degree.

This chamber, on the liquid or water rising into it yuudue expansion,wil1iall, and thereby shi the ventilator and the heat-controlling device, either or both. I prefer to mount thev water-chamber on one end'of the beam, which is weighted on the other end, and connect it with a water-reservoir which surmounts the system of circulating-pipes, and which has its upper portion contracted in area, so that the balanced chamber will not receive a large volume of water when it falls, by reason of the small quantity of water entering .it.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of an incubator having my attachments applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan thereof; and Fig. 3 is an end view showing the PatentNo. 344,474, dated June 29, 1886,

Serial No. 194,2I5. (No model.)

waterreservdir, from which the balanced chamber is supplied, part-1y in section.

Similarletters of reference designate corresponding parts in the several figures.

A designates the incubator-chamberhaving double walls a, and within which are trays B for eggs.

C Gare upper and lowerheating coils,whieh, with the heater D, form a water-circulating system. The water may be heated bya lamp, E, and is conducted by a pipe, C", to the.upper heating-coil,O, thence by a pipe, 0', to the lower heating-coil, O, and thence by a pipe, 0, to the heater D. A

A A are bathe-plates or deflectors arranged below the upper heating coil and above the lower-heating coil, and having, respectively, openings a a".

In the bottom of the chamber are air-inlet openings a and water-pans a, for moistening the air.

At the top of the incubator-chaniber A, I have represented a hinged ventilator, F, which may be swung upon its pivots by means of a rod, 1), connected with an arm, I1, on the pivots of the vent r, and in order to control the heat to which the water-heater D is sub jected I have represented the lamp Eas provided with a flame regulator or controllingdevice, a, which, by means of a lever, c, and a rod, 0, may be shifted to control the flame and the heat produced by the lamp. I also employ means whereby the ventilator F and the heat-controlling device 0 may, either or both of them, be shifted by the weight of water rising into a balanced vessel when the water in the system of circulating-pipes is unduly heated. As here represented, I have shown a balanced water-chamber, d,which ismounted upon a beam or lever, d, fulerumcd at (2 and having an adjustable weight, if, applied to the end opposite the vessel or chamber d. I have also shown the system of circulating-pipes as surmounted by a water-reservoir, e, which is connected by a flexible pipe or tube,e, with the balanced water-chamber d. The balancebeam or lever 11' operates between two stops, 1?, whicli are adjustable upward and downward at. different distances apart upon a standard, (1. The pivot 11'' of the beam (1 may be supported with the extremity of the lever or beam d. The

"expansion of water will cause a volume of we;-

In my incubator I employ a closed circulating volume of water entering it, a larger volume of water will flow into the chamber (1 and hold it down for a longer time than is desired.

'tom of the plug or projection c' 'a further rise balance water-chamber d when the latter is by pivot-screws d as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and it has an arm, (1, with which the rod b, for controlling the ventilator F, is connected, and the rod 0, which serves to move the heat-controlling device, is also connected upper part of the water-reservoir 0. should be greatly contracted in area, for a purpose hereinatter described, and in Fig. 3 I have represented this contraction as produced byadownwardly extending projection, e, on the cap which closes the upper end ot the reservoir 6. When the water becomes unduly heated and the temperature in the incubator-chamber approaches the maximum limit, the great ter to flow into the balance-chamber d sufiicient to overcome the weight d! and to cause the chamber to fall, thereby shifting the flamecontrolling device a, and also opening the ventilator. It will be understood that the water rises to a considerable height in the water-' reservoir e before it enters the balance-chamher (I, and hence, as the balance=ehamber falls by the increment of weight due to the To prevent a too great increment of water into the chamber (1 when it thus falls, I contract the upper part of the water-reservoir 0, so that after the water rises therein to the botwill represent but a very small volume of water, and these parts should be so arranged that the bottom of the plug or projection e will be on about a level with the bottom of the in its lowest position. If it is desired to change the degree of heat in the incubatorchamber, it maybe accomplished by adding a small quantity of water through the pipe 0*, which surmonnts the system of circulating. pipes, or by drawing off a small quantity (if water through the cock 6. If it is desired to maintain a less degree of heat in the incubatorchamber, a small quantity of water-may be added through the pipe 0*;- but if it be desired to increase the temperature of the chamher a suitably-small quantity of water may be drawn off through the cock 0.

I am aware that heat-controllingdevices for incubators and ventilators for other purposes have been controlled by the expansion of airor vapor of liquid under excess of heatacting upon mercury to operate abalance, and hence do not claim such device as of my invention.

system for heating, and a water vessel or chamber, d, which is in constant communication with saidcirculating system, is arranged at such-a height that when the desired heat is not exceeded the chamber d-will receiveno water; but when the desired temperature is ex-- ceeded the chamber will receive an increment of water by reason of expansion of the water in the circulating system, and the chamber, by the addition of the water to its weight, will fall and move the balancebeam d.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a ventilator or heat-controlling device of an incubator, a water-heater, and a system 'of circulating-pipes for heating the incubator, of a balanced water-chamber in closed and constant communication with the circnlatingsystem, and arranged just above the level of water in the system, said water being heated to the desired degree, and into which water from the system will flow on and connections through which the ventilator or heat-controlling device will be shifted by the downward movement of such water-chamber on said water rising thereinto, substantially as herein described.

being expanded by excess of heat,

2. The co-mbinatlon, with a ventilator or leat-controlli'ngdevice of an incubator, a water-heater, and a system of circulating pipes for heating the incubator, of a weighted beam carrying a water-chamber which hasia con- I stant communication through a flexible tube with the circulating system, and is arranged just above the level of water in the system, said water being heated to the desired degree, and a connection between said beam and the ventilator or heat-controlling device, whereby said ventilator-or heat-controlling device will be shiftedqn said water rising into the water-chamber by undue expansion produced byexcess of heat, substantially as herein de: scribed.

3. The combination, with the ventilator or heat-controlling device of an incubator, of a water-heater and a system of circulatingpipes for heating the same, a water-reservoir,

ing thewater-spacc inits upper portion con: tracted, and a balance supporting a waterehamber connected flexibly with the waterreservoir, and itself connected with the ventie, surmountiug the system of pipes, and havlator or heat-controlling device, substantially as herein described. 1

. JAMEs W. CAMPBELL.

\Vitnesscs:

LEWIS E. DICK, CLAUDIUS RooKErELLER. 

